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Prostatitis in men

Prostatitis is an inflammatory process affecting the tissue of the prostate gland.This is one of the most common diseases in the practice of a urologist.The disease is diagnosed mainly in men from 25-30 years old, but by older age the risk of pathology is significantly increased.

The form distinguishes acute and chronic prostatitis.In the latter case, inflammation is characterized by a long course with periodic relapses.This condition is much more common compared to acute.

The causes of prostatitis

Many diseases of the prostate gland, for example, benign hyperplasia or oncopathology, are problems of the older age group.However, prostatitis does not belong to this category.Its symptoms, as a rule, appear in men at 30-50 years old.Most often, the cause is infectious lesion due to the penetration of pathogenic flora from the urogenital canal or glands of the genitourinary system.This is explained by the proximity of the location of the urethra and the anus.

Among the most common pathogens of bacterial (infectious) prostatitis, gram -negative organisms should be noted: pseudo -monads, intestinal stick, serration, enterobacter and pro.Often the inflammatory process develops against the background of IPP infection: chlamydia, gonococci, trichomonas, herpes virus, etc., as a rule, such forms of the disease are diagnosed in men under the age of 35 years.Cases of treatment of pathology against the background of mycobacteria of tuberculosis are extremely rare.

Nebacterial varieties of prostatitis are also distinguished.Among their main reasons:

  • increased pressure in the prostate gland;
  • autoimmune disorders (prostate cell destruction by antibodies);
  • muscle pain syndrome in the pelvic region;
  • psychoemotional disorders;
  • deficiency of motor activity;
  • Excessive physical stress.

Primary signs of prostatitis

a man with signs of prostatitis

The disease is accompanied by a complex of violations, which affects the work of the entire urinary system.Among the main symptoms:

  • uncontrolled urination;
  • discomfort, pain in the emptying of the bladder;
  • Potency disorder in men of reproductive age;
  • pain in the perineum with a long stay in a sitting position;
  • frequent and strong urination;
  • difficulties in the devastation of the bladder;
  • decrease in libido and the appearance of problems with an erection;
  • violation of reproductive function (infertility);
  • a feeling of incomplete devastation of the bladder after going to the toilet;
  • The impossibility of achieving a high -quality and persistent erection even with severe excitement.

Signs of acute prostatitis

Symptoms of the disease in acute form and the general clinical picture differ depending on the stage of the pathological process:

  • Catarrhal.The patient complains of rapid urge, soreness during urination, pain in the perineum and sacrum.
  • Folicular.The pain syndrome becomes intense, can give into the anus and intensify in the process of defecation.Urine is released with a thin stream.In some cases, its delay occurs.There is an increase in body temperature up to 38 degrees for a long period (subfebrilite) or moderate hyperthermia.
  • Parenchymal.The man begins the general intoxication of the body with chills and temperature up to 38-40 ° C.The pain syndrome in the perineum becomes sharp and pulsating.The act of defecation is difficult, and normal emptying of the bladder is impossible, as a result of which there is an acute delay in urination (dysuria).

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis

The chronic form of inflammation of the prostate may be a consequence of the absence or untimely treatment of acute stage.However, in many men it develops immediately and is characterized by “greased” symptoms.Among the main features are noted:

  • subfebrile temperature (occasionally);
  • weak pain in the perineum;
  • discomfort during urination;
  • Scarring discharge from the urogenital canal during defecation.

In general, the clinical picture changes over time, differs in intensity in different patients and can go into a hidden form when self -medication attempts.Symptoms of chronic disorder can be a burning sensation in the urethra, pressure in the perineum, dysuria, impaired sexual function and increased general fatigue.Against the background of problems with potency, mental depression arises, irritability and anxiety.Fear of impotence leads to the development of complexes, but at the same time, most men are inclined to postpone an appeal to a urologist because of a sense of shame.

Primary chronic prostatitis develops for a long period.The blood stagnation in the capillaries (prostatosis) provokes the initial stage of non -bacterial inflammation, which leads to the appearance of the disease.

With infectious etiology, the cause of the disease is a chronic inflammatory process against the background of infection with trichomonas, ureaplasma, chlamydia or gonococcus.Primary infection masks signs of prostatitis, and its treatment does not eliminate inflammation of the prostate.Often the accession of the concomitant problem remains inconspicuous for a man.

Let us consider in detail the three main symptoms of chronic prostatitis:

  • Urination disorder (dysuria).Inflammation increases the volume of the prostate gland, which leads to compression of the ureter.With a decrease in its lumen, frequent urge to urination and a feeling of not completely devastated bladder appear.Dizuric disorders in many men occur in the early stages of prostatitis.The compensatory mechanism during this period is manifested in hypertrophy of the muscles of the bladder and ureters, which reduces the symptoms of dysuria, but with the development of inflammation they grow again.
  • Pain syndrome.There are no pain receptors in prostate fabrics.Pain occurs when the inflammatory process is spread to other pelvic organs and their nervous paths.The sensations vary from the weak and aching to very intense, which interfere with night rest.Strengthening discomfort occurs during ejaculation, sexual abstinence or excessive sexual activity.Pain is given to the crotch, sacrum, scrotum and sometimes to the lumbar zone.
  • Violation of potency.The lack of treatment at the early stages of prostatitis can lead to dispute, when a man has frequent night erections, a deterioration in the quality of orgasm and accelerated ejaculation.In different patients, these signs appear with different intensity.Premature ejaculation occurs due to a decrease in the threshold of excitement of the organic center.At the same time, the patient notes pain, which leads to the development of pain expectation and a gradual rejection of sexual activity.In the absence of a comprehensive treatment with the study of the mental factor of the disorder, sexual disorders are increasingly exacerbated.Ignoring the need to seek medical help with prostatitis often ends with impotence.

The degree of sexual disorder varies depending on individual factors.Some men are so afraid of erectile dysfunction that their violations occur rather due to suggestion, and not objective physiological factors.In particular, psychogenic display is observed precisely with increased anxiety and obsessive complexes.The very thought of possible disorders of male health is difficult to tolerate such patients.This is greatly reflected in their character and communications with others.Irritability, hypochondria, grudge and depressive state appear.

Complications with prostatitis

The absence of adequate treatment with inflammation of the prostate leads to related diseases.The fact is that the prostate gland is closely connected with other organs of the male genitourinary system.It is located around the neck of the bladder and urinary channel.Therefore, with an increase in the prostate, the urethra is squeezed and a violation of the normal outflow of urine.Given the features of physiology, with untimely treatment of acute or chronic prostatitis, a number of serious pathologies and complications occur.

Related problems:

  • the formation of cysts, prostate stones;
  • decrease in the number of male hormones produced;
  • decrease in sex drive (libido);
  • erection disorders (erectile dysfunction);
  • infertility (in 40% of patients with a chronic form of prostatitis);
  • prostate adenoma (benign tumor);
  • Prostate cancer.

Some consequences of inflammation of the prostate that have not received timely and complex treatment pose a threat not only for health, but also for the patient’s life (in particular, cancer pathologies can develop).Therefore, at the first symptoms of prostatitis, you must seek a consultation with a urologist.It should also be remembered about regular preventive examinations after 40 years, when the risk of pathological processes in the prostate gland increases greatly.

Diagnosis of prostatitis

Many urological problems have similar signs, so the specialist works separately with each clinical case and uses all available diagnostic tools.Consultation of the urologist always begins with a survey for symptoms, collecting anamnesis and general inspection.Then the doctor prescribes a number of studies, the results of which are diagnosed and adequate treatment is selected.As a rule, the survey complex includes:

  • rectal finger examination of the prostate to determine the size, structure of the prostate gland and the level of compression of the urethra;
  • Ultrasound of the urinary system (prostate, bladder, kidneys);
  • Laboratory analyzes of urine, the secret of prostate, ejaculate;
  • testing for urogenital infections;
  • Urodynamic study.

To ensure accurate diagnosis of prostatitis in men and related disorders, you need to refrain from urination within 2-3 hours before taking the urologist.Otherwise, the results of the tests may not be entirely correct, since when the bladder is emptying, pathogenic microflora occurs.In accordance with the features of the clinical picture, the method of conducting ultrasound is selected: transrectal or abdominal (through the abdominal wall).After determining the cause and stage of the disease, the development of a therapeutic strategy is carried out.

Treatment methods for prostatitis

The main therapy is the intake of antibiotics.The use of modern pharmacological developments gives a high result, although it is impossible to completely eliminate the risk of relapse.The doctor prescribes an antibacterial drug after a bakposev urine and/or the secret of the prostate for the type of pathogen.If acute prostatitis is diagnosed, oral antibiotic therapy takes about 4-6 weeks.In a chronic or recurrent form of the disease, treatment will take more time (in accordance with the features of the clinical picture).In severe cases (as a rule, with acute bacterial prostatitis), hospitalization and intravenous antibiotic course are required.

With difficulty urination, the urologist prescribes drugs that relieve the hypertonicity of the muscles of the bladder and the prostate gland, which normalizes the outflow of urine and prevents its stagnation.Some patients undergo therapy with drugs that reduce the level of sex hormones.As a result, there is a decrease in the size of the prostate and, accordingly, a sense of discomfort during urination, defecation and ejaculation.With severe edema of the prostate gland, muscle relaxants help that relieve the overstrain of the sphincter of the bladder and the adjacent muscles.Anti -inflammatory non -steroidal drugs are effectively fighting with pain syndrome.Also, chronic prostatitis reacts well to auxiliary physiotherapy.Effective methods of such treatment are:

  • instillation of drugs in urethra;
  • prostate massage;
  • shock-wave therapy (UVT);
  • magnetic laser therapy (mlt);
  • electrophoresis;
  • ozone therapy;
  • intravenous laser irradiation of blood (VLOK);
  • Ultraviolet irradiation of blood (UFOK).

Prostate massage is a frequently used urological technique.The doctor uses the method of finger stimulation of the prostate through the rectum to enhance the outflow of secretion and restore the patency of the ducts of the organ.An additional effect is an improvement in blood circulation and accelerated penetration of antibiotics into inflamed tissues.In addition to the finger massage of the prostate, hardware methods are also possible. Eye results in the treatment of prostatitis are shown by shock wave therapy.The basis of this medical technology is the short -term effect of low -frequency sound waves on an inflamed area.The procedure helps:

  • activate local blood circulation and the growth of new vessels;
  • stimulate your own regenerative abilities of the body;
  • Destroy fibrous foci and calcifiers that provoke pain and inflammatory processes.

After the course of UVT, the symptoms of prostatitis and a good preventive effect are observed.A pronounced result can only be achieved with an integrated approach to the problem.In addition, the patient’s responsible attitude to medical appointments is important.

For their part, urologists of the clinic provide the preparation of an individual treatment scheme, taking into account the cause, form, stage of the disease, general health and the presence of concomitant pathologies.

Prevention of prostatitis

To minimize the risk of relapse, it is necessary to reduce negative effects on the body.Among the provoking factors are:

  • Smoking.The anatomical features of the arrangement of the prostate gland lead to constant oxygen starvation, and inhalation of tobacco smoke causes vascular spasm, which slows down local microcirculation processes even more.All smokers with experience are characterized by the problem of increased blood pressure.
  • The deficiency of motor activity.The “sedentary” work and a sedentary lifestyle lead to stagnant phenomena in the pelvic organs.
  • Alcohol abuse.Exceeding the daily norm of alcohol affects health as a whole and makes the body more vulnerable to various infectious lesions.
  • Stress states.It is necessary to avoid situations leading to anxiety, irritation, depressive disorders to the maximum.If necessary, contact a profile specialist.
  • Hypothermia.The effect of low temperature reduces immunity, which makes the body “open” to colds and inflammation.
  • Overwork, excessive physical activity.We should not forget about the regime of work and rest, as well as lift heavy severity.

Preventive measures will help prevent the development of acute prostatitis and relapse of chronic.On issues of diagnosis and treatment of inflammation of the prostate, you can always contact the urological department of our clinic.